Human Rights Day
Human rights belong to all of us. Join us and uphold the rights of everyone, everywhere. Our rights, our future, right now.
Human rights belong to all of us. Join us and uphold the rights of everyone, everywhere. Our rights, our future, right now.
07 March 2024
“Without women at the tables of power, there can be no peace. No justice. No democracy. Without women — in all their diversity — there is absolutely no progress at all,” said UN Human Rights Chief, Volker Türk, on the occasion of International Women’s Day.
On 8 March 2024, UN Human Rights will honour and support the work of women human rights defenders, peacebuilders and feminist movements around the world in conflict settings.
Women such as Riya William Yuyada, who was only a few months old when her family had to flee the conflict in her native South Sudan to seek refuge in Uganda. When she finished school, they decided to return home. The journey that would normally only take a day took them two weeks, hindered by incessant road checks.
“For me, coming back was also to contribute to building this country, this home,” she said.
William Yuyada is now the founder of Crown the Woman, a grassroots organization that supports South Sudanese women and girls in their efforts for peace. She is also the co-founder of Play for Peace South Sudan, which teaches children the pillars of peaceful coexistence. On 9 July 2011, South Sudan became an independent country, after over 20 years of guerrilla warfare. Around two million people are said to have died as a result of war, famine and disease caused by the conflict, and more than four million were displaced. For William Yuyada, South Sudan would not have become a country without the participation of women and girls who, she stressed, make up the majority of the population.
“Without women going to the polls to vote, we would not have South Sudan. Voting and democracy are some of the pieces of peace,” she said. “Peacebuilding is one of the many measures women are sustaining in our world and for peace to be sustainable women need to be part of peace processes — which has not been the case. If women are part of peace building at a national, grassroots and all levels, they can build economies.”
Women human rights defenders and peacebuilders play critical roles in the context of conflicts.
As community organizers, they have important insights into subtle shifts that may indicate an escalation of violence in communities. During a conflict, women human rights defenders document attacks and violations. They assist victims and their families and communities, identify the needs of women and marginalized groups, and much more. When women’s voices are silenced or ignored, early warning signs of conflict may be overlooked.
An estimated 614 million women and girls were living in conflict-affected countries in 2022, 50 per cent more than five years prior. In warzones, thousands of women and girls are being deliberately targeted by rape and other forms of sexual violence.
Yet, women continue to be on the front lines of the humanitarian response and at the forefront of efforts to build peace and spur social transformation, despite the barriers they face in participating in peace and political processes because of persistent gender-based discrimination in the family, communities and society at large.
Women and girls’ participation for peace is also exacerbated by such as economic insecurity; lack of access to education; restrictions on access to sexual and reproductive health services and information; unequal access to quality education; a resurgence of authoritarian, patriarchal, and conservative narratives rising in many countries; narrowing civic spaces, both online and offline; armed conflict; environmental disasters; and health crises.
Originally from Syria, Laila Alodaat started her career as a corporate lawyer volunteering at the Syrian Red Cross because of her interest in international humanitarian law. She is now Deputy Secretary General at Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, a century-old organization that analyses the root causes of violence and works against the systemic oppression of women and girls.
“We fight structural systems of oppression and aspire to build peace through the power of collective activism and mobilization,” she said. “If we approach human rights with a transformative agenda, it is inevitable that we end up looking at the root causes of war and conflict.”
For Alodaat, peace building has multiple layers where women have their place, but they are often confronted with “misogynist assumptions” that they can only represent other women instead of the whole community.
“There are times when it feels like we need to be fighting alone. There is globally a tolerance of violence and some level of acceptance that spaces do not really have to be safe for women, that this just comes with exposure. This has a direct impact on peace building,” she said. “We also live within a political economy that feeds on a prolonged exploitation of women and we look at that as an acceptable baseline and it should not be.”
Alodaat added that the feminist movement itself was facing challenges that had adverse effects on peacebuilding, such as a “saviourist Western notion.”
“Women in the Global South do not need saving, we just need space. We need to be believed in and we need the resources available to the movement,” she said. “The fight is never going to work unless we look at it intersectionally and unless leadership is looked at in its diversity. This notion of an individual leader is outdated. We need to look at collective effort and collective leadership.”
Enduring peace will only be built with women at the table. The international community must urgently make this a reality.
Volker Türk, UN Human Rights Chief
In Afghanistan, Sara* is the director of an organization that, for the past 25 years, has been working to support Afghan women and children in various sectors, such as education, livelihood, health, protection and water, sanitation and hygiene in 11 provinces of the country.
She said that hers is the only women-led organization that has been able to continue working after the fall of the previous Government two and a half years ago and to keep their safe spaces open. The organization has also been able to support capacity building of their grassroots partners and assist them in receiving grants.
“I believe empowering women in this current situation would empower a larger group in the communities as well. In the current context, everyone wants to be in a safe zone or just to be in their comfort zone, they don't want to take any risk,” she said. “As a director for women-led organization, I would rather put myself at risk to deliver services to women who are in dire need, especially women who are suffering from gender-based violence, IDPs, or minority groups.”
Because Sara believes that the participation of women in leadership roles and their inclusion in the community is vital for Afghanistan, one of her goals is to hire and build the capacity of as many women as she can. She pointed out that not many organizations would take that risk because of the restrictions around hiring women in NGOs in Afghanistan.
“Women have played a vital role for peacebuilding and social cohesion in the country in the past 20 years. Unfortunately, today, Afghan women leaders have scattered in the diaspora and, although they do advocacy work outside of the country, those who remain are filling that gap and working with women in need to empower them, include them in their programs and make peace at the community level, with the different ideologies and thoughts that exist in Afghanistan.”
In their 2021 report entitled Time for a Better Bargain: How the Aid System Shortchanges Women and Girls in Crisis, Care International pointed out that funding for gender equality is particularly low in the humanitarian aid sector. Since 2010, less than 1 percent of all humanitarian funding has been allocated directly to women-led organizations.
According to Hannah Wu, the head of the Women’s Rights and Gender Section at UN Human Rights, sustained funding and support for women human rights defenders, organizations, and movements is an essential prerequisite for women’s equal leadership and participation in decision-making spaces for peace. It allows them to set their priorities for action, while increasing their resources and capacity to be present and take leadership within key decision-making spaces for peace.
“The right of all women and girls to meaningful participation, including in the context of conflict and insecurity, is essential to the enjoyment of their rights, the consolidation of peace and on their ability to prevent and recover from crises,” Wu said. “Decisions on peace that do not reflect women’s realities, their rights, their perspectives, their knowledge, and their demands, are not sustainable — and neither are they likely to be effective.”
Of 18 peace agreements reached in 2022, only one was signed or witnessed by a representative of a women’s group or organization. As of July 2023, women were Heads of State or Government in 27 countries and, according to the National Democratic Institute, the global proportion of women in parliaments reached 26.5 percent. Further, at the current rate, it will take 130 years to achieve inclusive governance. Moreover, on current trends, with an annual increase of only 0.52 percent, gender parity in ministerial positions will not be achieved until 2077.
* Not her real name.